Q 01/05

The 1966 Supreme Court case requiring police to inform suspects of their rights is named after which defendant?

A) Clarence Gideon

B) Dollree Mapp

C) John Terry

D) Ernesto Miranda

Answer · why

D) Ernesto Miranda

He was arrested in Phoenix in 1963. The ruling rests on the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination.

Q 02/05

Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) required state courts to provide defendants with what?

A) A speedy trial

B) A lawyer

C) Reasonable bail

D) A twelve-person jury

Answer · why

B) A lawyer

Clarence Earl Gideon, accused of burgling a Florida pool room, filed his appeal to the Supreme Court in pencil from prison.

Q 03/05

Mapp v. Ohio (1961) applied which doctrine to state prosecutions?

A) The felony murder rule

B) The rule of lenity

C) The exclusionary rule

D) The best evidence rule

Answer · why

C) The exclusionary rule

Evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment cannot be used. The federal version dates to Weeks v. United States in 1914.

Q 04/05

Terry v. Ohio (1968) held that police may 'stop and frisk' someone on what standard?

A) Probable cause

B) Clear and convincing evidence

C) A warrant

D) Reasonable suspicion

Answer · why

D) Reasonable suspicion

The person must be reasonably suspected of being armed and involved in a crime. Such stops are still called 'Terry stops'.

Q 05/05

Batson v. Kentucky (1986) barred prosecutors from using peremptory challenges to exclude jurors based on what?

A) Age

B) Occupation

C) Religion

D) Race

Answer · why

D) Race

An objection on these grounds is now called a 'Batson challenge'.