Q 01/05

What is the official language of Syria?

A) Persian

B) Arabic

C) Turkish

D) Kurdish

Answer · why

B) Arabic

Levantine dialects dominate in the west and Mesopotamian in the north-east. Kurdish was recognised as a national language in 2026.

Q 02/05

Syria's coastline lies on which sea?

A) The Caspian Sea

B) The Mediterranean

C) The Red Sea

D) The Black Sea

Answer · why

B) The Mediterranean

Latakia and Tartus are the main ports, in the Alawite heartland that was the last area loyal to the Assad regime.

Q 03/05

Which country borders Syria to the north?

A) Iraq

B) Lebanon

C) Turkey

D) Jordan

Answer · why

C) Turkey

Turkey has invaded northern Syria repeatedly since 2016 to fight Kurdish forces, and hosts millions of Syrian refugees.

Q 04/05

The Assad family's rule over Syria ended with the fall of the capital on which date?

A) 8 December 2024

B) 15 March 2024

C) 8 December 2023

D) 1 January 2025

Answer · why

A) 8 December 2024

Rebels led by Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham took Aleppo, Hama and Homs in under two weeks. Bashar al-Assad fled to Moscow, ending 53 years of family rule.

Q 05/05

Who became Syria's transitional president in January 2025?

A) Mazloum Abdi

B) Maher al-Assad

C) Ahmed al-Sharaa

D) Mohammed al-Bashir

Answer · why

C) Ahmed al-Sharaa

Formerly known by his nom de guerre Abu Mohammad al-Jolani, he had led HTS from Idlib. He signed a five-year interim constitution in March 2025.